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Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Book & -- MasteringGeography™ Walkthrough -- Preface -- About the Authors -- Digital & -- Print Resources -- 1 Geography Matters -- Why Geography Matters -- Why Places Matter -- The Influence of Places -- The Meaning of Places -- Studying Human Geography -- Geographical Relationships -- The Basic Tools and Methods of Human Geographers -- 1.1 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS Why Geography Matters -- 1.2 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Maps -- Geographic Information Systems (GIS) -- Spatial Analysis -- Location -- 1.3 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Greenwich, England -- Distance -- Space -- Accessibility -- 1.4 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Assessing Spatial Inequality -- Spatial Interaction -- Regional Analysis -- Regionalization -- Landscape -- Sense of Place -- Developing a Geographical Imagination -- Future Geographies -- Conclusion -- Key Terms -- Review & -- Discussion -- Unplugged -- Data Analysis -- 2 The Changing Global Context -- The Premodern World -- Hearth Areas -- The Growth of Early Empires -- The Geography of the Premodern World -- An Interdependent World Geography -- 2.1 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS The Expansion and Disintegration of States -- Core and Periphery in the New World-System -- Organizing the Periphery -- The Struggle for Independence -- Contemporary Globalization -- Key Issues in a Globalizing World -- 2.2 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Commodity Chains -- 2.3 WINDOW ON THE WORLD America's Drowning Atlantic Seaboard -- 2.4 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Core-Periphery Disparity -- Westernization and Cultural Imperialism -- Future Geographies -- Conclusion -- Key Terms -- Review & -- Discussion -- Unplugged -- Data Analysis -- 3 Geographies of Population and Migration -- The Demographer's Toolbox -- Censuses and Vital Records -- Limitations of the Census -- Population Distribution and Composition.
Population Distribution -- Population Density -- Population Composition -- 3.1 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Population Segregation in the United States -- Age-Sex Pyramids -- Population Cohorts -- The Effect of Population Cohorts -- 3.2 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Education Abroad -- Population Dynamics and Processes -- Birth (or Fertility) Rates -- Total Fertility Rate -- Death (or Mortality) Rates -- Infant Mortality and Life Expectancy -- Medical and Health Geographies -- 3.3 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS The Global and the Local in Health and Disease -- Demographic Transition Theory -- The Demographic Trap -- Education, Women, and Demographic Transformation -- Population Movement and Migration -- Mobility and Migration -- Documenting and Explaining Migration -- Push and Pull Factors and Types of Migration -- International Voluntary Migration -- Labor Migration -- 3.4 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Internal Displacement -- Amenity Migration -- International Forced Migration -- Internal Voluntary Migration -- Internal Forced Migration -- Population Debates and Policies -- Population and Resources -- Population Policies and Programs -- International Population Policies -- The UN Millennium Development Goals -- Progress on the MDGs -- Future Geographies -- Conclusion -- Key Terms -- Review & -- Discussion -- Unplugged -- Data Analysis -- 4 People and Nature -- Nature as a Concept -- The Earth Summits -- Alternative Solutions to Environmental Problems -- Nature and Society Defined -- The Complex Relationship of Environmental Impacts, Population, and Affluence -- 4.1 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS The Political Ecology of Carbon Offsets -- Nature-Society Interactions -- Environmental Attitudes and Philosophies in the United States -- Classical Environmental Philosophies -- Contemporary Environmental Philosophies -- Global Change in the Anthropocene -- European Colonial Expansion.
Global Climate Change -- What is Climate Change? -- How Do We Know Climate Is Changing? -- What Are Some Projected Impacts of These Changes? -- What's to Be Done? -- The Climate Change Controversy -- Energy, Land-Use Change and Environment -- Energy Needs and Environmental Impacts -- 4.2 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Energy Consumption and Production -- Biomass and Hydropower -- Land Use and Environmental Impacts -- 4.3 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Renewable Energy Resources -- Water Use and Access -- The State of the Global Environment -- Global Environmental Governance -- 4.4 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Ecotourism -- Environmental Sustainability -- Future Geographies -- Conclusion -- Key Terms -- Review & -- Discussion -- Unplugged -- Data Analysis -- 5 Cultural Geographies -- Culture as a Geographical Process -- Culture -- Geography and Culture -- A Two-Way Relationship -- Traditions of Cultural Geography -- Building Cultural Complexes -- Cultural Landscape -- 5.1 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY UNESCO World Heritage Landscapes -- Critique of Sauer's Cultural Landscape -- European Approaches to Culture and Place -- Cultural Traits -- Cultural Complexes and Regions -- 5.2 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS Shaping Place Through Fact and Fiction, Practice and Representation -- Cultural Systems -- Culture and Society -- Culture and Identity -- Sex and Gender -- Feminism and Gender -- Gender and Class -- Ethnicity -- 5.3 SPATIAL INEQUALITY The Global Gender Gap -- Race -- Whiteness, Blackness, and Rap Music -- Geographies of Disability -- Children's Geographies and Geographies of Childhood -- Emergent Cultural Geographies -- Actor-Network Theory -- Non-Representational Theory -- Emotional Geographies -- Materialism -- Globalization and Cultural Change -- Americanization and Globalization -- A Global Culture -- 5.4 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Geographies of Beauty and Plastic Surgery -- Future Geographies.
Conclusion -- Key Terms -- Review & -- Discussion -- Unplugged -- Data Analysis -- 6 Language, Communication, and Belief -- Geographies of Language -- What Is Language? -- The World of Language -- Language Relationships and Dynamics -- Language Family -- Language Trees -- Language Hearths -- Indentify and Language -- 6.1 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS Language Revival -- Communication -- 6.2 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Geographies of Literacy -- Language of Social Media -- Sign Language -- Sensual language -- Religious Geographies -- Global Distribution of the World's Religions -- Migration and Religion -- The World's Major Religions -- Religiosity -- 6.3 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Belief Systems and Restrictions on Behavior -- Other Belief Systems -- Globalization, Communication, and Religion -- The Influence of Modern Communications -- 6.4 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Fashion Veiling -- Reaction: Islam and Cultural Nationalism -- Religion and Landscape -- Sacred Spaces and Pilgrimages -- Future Geographies -- Conclusion -- Key Terms -- Review & -- Discussion -- Unplugged -- Data Analysis -- 7 Interpreting Places and Landscapes -- Behavior, Knowledge, and Human Environments -- Place-Making -- Territoriality -- Street Art -- People and Places, Insiders and Outsiders -- 7.1 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Outsider Art -- Experience and Meaning -- Images and Behavior -- Landscapes as Human Systems -- The Social Meaning of Landscapes -- Landscapes of National Identity -- 7.2 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Route 66 -- 7.3 WINDOW ON THE WORLD Trafalgar Square and British National Identity -- Coded Spaces -- Commercial Spaces -- Globalization and Place-Making -- Going Slow -- Places as Objects of Consumption -- 7.4 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS The Geography of Stardom: Celebrity and Place -- Future Geographies -- Conclusion -- Key Terms -- Review & -- Discussion -- Unplugged -- Data Analysis.
8 Geographies of Economic Development -- Patterns of Economic Development -- Technological Change and Economic Development -- The Unevenness of Economic Development -- Measuring Levels of Economic Development -- Resources and Development -- 8.1 VISUALIZING GEOGRAPHY Technological Change and Economic Development -- Resources and Development -- The Economic Structure of Countries and Regions -- Knowledge and Economics -- International Trade -- 8.2 WINDOW ON THE WORLD China's Economic Development -- 8.3 SPATIAL INEQUALITY Gender and Economic Development -- Interpretations of International Patterns of Development -- Regional Economic Development -- The Economics of Location -- Regional Economic Linkages -- The Modification of Regional Core-Periphery Patterns -- Globalization and Economic Development -- Global Assembly Lines and Supply Chains -- New Geographies of Office Employment -- The Experience Economy and Place Marketing -- 8.4 GEOGRAPHY MATTERS How Geopolitics has Changed the World -- Future Geographies -- Conclusion -- Key Terms -- Review & -- Discussion -- Unplugged -- Data Analysis -- 9 Geographies of Food and Agriculture -- Traditional Agricultural Geography -- Agricultural Practices -- Origins and Change in Agriculture -- Shifting Cultivation -- Intensive Subsistence Agriculture -- Pastoralism -- Culture and Society in Agriculture -- Agricultural Revolution and Industrialization -- The First Agricultural Revolution -- The Second Agricultural Revolution -- The Third Agricultural Revolution -- The Industrialization of Agriculture -- Nontraditional agricultural exports -- 9.1 WINDOW ON THE WORLD The Green Revolution Then and Now -- Contract Farming -- Biotechnology and Agriculture -- Biotechnology -- Opposition to GMOs -- The Adverse Effects of Biotechnology -- Global Change in Food Production and Consumption -- Forces of Change.
National and International Agricultural Policy.
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